Oct 25, 2024 | Wildlife
When it comes to pest control, most homeowners think of rodents, insects, or larger wildlife. However, one species of bird, the starling, can cause significant problems for property owners in Georgia. With their large flocks, destructive habits, and invasive nature, starlings have become a nuisance in both urban and rural areas. This blog will explore what starlings are, how to identify them, why they are considered a nuisance, and effective and legal ways to manage their presence around your home.
What Are Starlings?
Starlings, specifically the European starling (Sturnus vulgaris), are small to medium-sized birds that were introduced to North America in the late 19th century. A group of bird enthusiasts, inspired by William Shakespeare’s references to the starling, released 100 of these birds in Central Park, New York, in 1890. What followed was an ecological domino effect that resulted in the species spreading across the entire continent. Today, starlings are classified as an invasive species in the U.S., meaning they compete with native birds and wildlife for resources, often to the detriment of local ecosystems.
How to Identify Starlings
Starlings are distinctive birds, making them relatively easy to identify. They have short tails, pointed yellow beaks, and glossy black feathers that shimmer with hints of purple and green in the sunlight. During the winter months, their feathers are speckled with white spots, adding to their recognizable appearance.
They are often seen in large flocks, especially during their breeding season in the spring and early summer. They are incredibly vocal, known for their variety of chirps, whistles, and even mimicking other birds and sounds. If you notice large groups of noisy black birds swarming your yard, you’re likely dealing with these nuisance birds.
Why Are Starlings a Nuisance?
Starlings are more than just noisy birds—they can cause significant issues for homeowners and the environment. Here’s why:
- Property Damage: Starlings are cavity nesters, which means they seek out holes and crevices to build their nests. They often invade vents, gutters, and eaves of homes, sometimes clogging these systems and leading to water damage. They are known to make nests inside buildings, causing structural damage and creating fire hazards if their nesting material is placed near electrical wiring.
- Health Risks: Like other birds, starlings can carry diseases that are harmful to humans. Their droppings, which are acidic and can corrode building materials, may also harbor pathogens such as histoplasmosis, a respiratory disease. The large flocks they form can produce significant amounts of droppings, increasing the health risk for homeowners.
- Crop Damage: Starlings have a broad diet and are notorious for raiding crops. They consume fruits, vegetables, and grains, making them a major agricultural pest. In urban areas, starlings scavenge for human food, which encourages them to flock to parks, dumpsters, and residential neighborhoods.
- Competition with Native Birds: One of the biggest reasons starlings are considered a nuisance is their impact on native bird species. As an invasive species, starlings aggressively outcompete native birds like bluebirds, woodpeckers, and swallows for food and nesting sites. Their presence reduces biodiversity and harms local ecosystems.
What Do Starlings Eat?
Starlings are omnivorous, meaning they eat both plant and animal matter. Their diet includes insects, earthworms, fruits, seeds, and grains. In urban areas, starlings often scavenge for leftover human food, adding to their reputation as a nuisance in populated areas. During the breeding season, their diet shifts to more protein-rich foods like insects, which they feed to their chicks. Their adaptability in diet allows them to thrive in various habitats, from urban areas to farmlands, making them difficult to control.
How to Get Rid of Starlings
Given their ability to form large flocks and cause property damage, controlling starling populations can be challenging. Here are some effective and legal methods to reduce starling activity around your home:
Exclusion Methods
The most effective way to deal with starlings is to prevent them from entering your property in the first place. Sealing off vents, chimneys, and other potential nesting sites can stop starlings from setting up nests in your home. Installing bird netting around high-traffic areas such as attics and eaves can deter them from gaining access.
Deterrents
Starlings are known to avoid certain visual and auditory deterrents. Hanging reflective objects like aluminum foil strips or installing bird spikes on ledges can make your home less appealing. You can also use sound machines that play predator calls or distress signals to scare starlings away.
Limit Food Sources
Starlings are opportunistic feeders. Removing easy access to food by securing garbage cans, picking up fallen fruits, and using bird feeders designed to exclude starlings can reduce their presence in your yard.
Professional Wildlife Services
For more extensive infestations, contacting a wildlife control company that specializes in bird control may be necessary. These professionals can implement more advanced strategies such as trapping or relocating starlings. In some cases, they may even use chemical repellents that are safe for both the birds and your family.
Legal Considerations: The Migratory Bird Treaty Act
It’s important to note that while starlings are invasive, they are still protected under some federal laws. The Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA), passed in 1918, protects many bird species from being hunted or harmed without a proper permit. However, starlings, along with other invasive species like pigeons and house sparrows, are not afforded the same protections under this law. This means that homeowners and wildlife services can legally take action to reduce starling populations on their property, as long as it is done humanely and within local regulations.
Reducing Starling Populations During Breeding Season
During the breeding season, starlings are especially active as they search for food and nesting sites. This is the time when large flocks can form, and their presence can become overwhelming for homeowners. It’s crucial to take preventive measures before the breeding season begins in the spring. By sealing entry points and removing food sources early, you can prevent starlings from making your home their nesting site.
Starlings, with their adaptability and invasive nature, can pose significant challenges for Georgia homeowners. Their large flocks, property damage, and competition with native species make them a nuisance that requires proactive control methods. By identifying these birds early and implementing exclusion and deterrent strategies, you can reduce the likelihood of a starling infestation. If your starling problem persists, contacting a professional wildlife control company that specializes in bird control can ensure the issue is managed legally and effectively.
Whether you’re dealing with starling flocks or preventing them from nesting in your home, understanding these nuisance birds and taking swift action is key to protecting your property and local wildlife.
May 19, 2022 | Pest Control
Did you know birds can be just as much of a nuisance (and potential health threat) as roaches and rodents? Common nuisance birds include pigeons, woodpeckers, sparrows, starlings, and Canadian geese.
Birds can cause a whole host of problems around your home and property. They can fly into your home and windows. They can build nests on or near your home, causing damage to your house or just being a noisy pest. Nests can clog gutters, downspouts, drains, vents, and chimneys. Bird droppings contain uric acid and can eat away at paint and building materials on cars and homes.
Birds and their droppings are known to carry over 60 diseases including E. coli, salmonellosis, and cryptococcosis.
Anytime you’re dealing with birds it’s important to remember that many species are protected by federal and/or state regulations, as is bird nest removal.
Here are 9 of our favorite DIY bird deterrents:
#1. Bird Deterrents
Visual bird deterrents are products designed to scare off birds or prevent them from landing or roosting where you don’t want them to. Their efficacy depends on the type of bird you are dealing with and the type of deterrent you are using. There is a wide range of choices when it comes to these deterrents. Many include gel because its reflective surface looks like fire to birds. It also feels sticky if birds land on it. Some of these deterrents are also scented, many with peppermint oil, to also help deter birds from getting near them.
#2. Predator Decoys
Predator decoys can be effective for a short period of time but aren’t usually good for long-term use. It is important to choose a realistic predator for the bird species you are dealing with. If owls aren’t a natural predator of the bird you are dealing with, a decoy owl won’t work very well. It is also important to rotate or move the decoy frequently so birds don’t realize it isn’t real.
#3. Reflective Deterrents
There is a wide range of products you can use as a reflective deterrent, from prefabricated spirals to DIY aluminum foil strips. The most important thing to remember is to use something highly reflective that also moves with the wind. It also helps to move it around frequently or even take it down for a while to trick the birds into thinking it’s real.
#4. Bird Spikes
These are narrow spikes that attach to window sills, roofs, eaves, or any other large areas you want to keep birds off of. They can attach to concrete, wood, or other surfaces with screws or glue. The spikes can be metal or plastic. These deterrents are most effective against pigeons, crows, and gulls and are less effective against smaller types of birds.
#5. Bird Coils
Bird coils are similar to spikes. They are extendable stainless steel coils that stretch along ledges to deter birds from landing on them. If they do, the coils move and make the bird feel unstable, making them less likely to perch and roost.
#6. Bird Wire
Bird wire is a tension wire system that creates an unstable landing area to deter birds from landing. Bird wire is more low profile compared to spikes or coils and can be used on exposed ledges, beams, and pipes. The negative to bird wire is that it can be time-consuming and difficult to install.
#7. Bird Netting
Bird netting is commonly used in gardens or on fruit trees but can also be used under roofs and around eaves. Bird netting is less expensive than other deterrent methods. It is important to remember when installing bird netting that you don’t cut out sections of the net to fit around obstructions; instead, cut a slit in the netting, slide the obstruction through it, and then reseal it when it’s above the object. One negative to netting is that birds can get stuck in the net.
Eliminating Food and Water Sources
Birds usually come to your home or yard in search of a nesting site, food, or water. Eliminating these things will make your property less appealing to them. Install bird netting over gardens to keep them from getting to your fruit. Keep trash cans covered. Clean your gutters to prevent standing water or install gutter guards. Don’t use birdfeeders in the warmer months. If you do use birdfeeders, don’t use suet or corn in them. Instead, replace with whole peanuts, safflower seeds, or sunflower seeds in the shell.
Exclusion
The best way to keep birds out of your home is to make sure they don’t have a way in. Carefully inspect the exterior of your home or other outbuildings and seal any openings you find, especially those that lead to the attic. Block any openings to eaves or vents with 1/4″ wire mesh or netting.
Bird and bird nest removal can be a difficult (and sometimes illegal) job. If you have a problem with birds this season, contact your local pest control company who can properly identify the types of birds you are dealing with, along with the most appropriate elimination and prevention methods for you.
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Jun 19, 2020 | Wildlife
While some birds are beneficial to us through their production of down feathers, control of pests, control of weeds, and providing us with the opportunity for birdwatching, they can be detrimental to our homes and our health. Besides being a general nuisance, some birds can cause damage to buildings and monuments, contaminate food sources, and transmit diseases that can be serious to humans.
Three of the most common nuisance birds that can cause these issues to humans are pigeons, sparrows, and starlings. Here is a look at each of these nuisance birds, as well as some tips to prevent and exclude them.
Pigeons
Pigeons are the most common nuisance bird and are also responsible for the worst public health concerns caused by birds.
Adult pigeons are about a foot in length and weigh about 13 ounces. They are blue-grey in color with iridescent feathers on their heads and necks. Pigeons have short necks, small heads, and short legs.
Pigeons prefer to nest in small, flat areas that are off the ground (e.g. ledges, air conditioning units, pipes, and window sills). They eat a varied diet, consuming anything from grains and livestock feed to discarded food scraps and manure. They must have water daily to survive.
Pigeons can cause serious problems wherever they are. Large flocks of pigeons can be a nuisance in public places. Their feces can not only deface and deteriorate buildings and other structures but can also cause slipping hazards on stairs, sidewalks, and fire escapes. Their droppings and debris from their nests can clog downspouts and machinery. Pigeons carry numerous diseases including histoplasmosis.
Pigeons adapt easily to their environments, including those that are manmade. They will travel up to 5 miles between their nesting and roosting sites, making it very difficult to get an established flock to move. Their homing capabilities allow them to easily find their way back to their original nesting sites.
Sparrows
House sparrows are not actually true sparrows; they actually belong to a family called weaver finches. They are stocky, small birds about 5 to 6 inches in length and weighing about 1 ounce. They have conical bills with brown grey feathers. Males have a black throat and white crown while females have a white throat and a dull eye stripe.
Sparrows build extremely messy nests out of anything they can find (string, twigs, paper, grass). They prefer to make their nests in covered, elevated areas like warehouses, airport hangars, and stadiums.
Sparrows primarily eat grain but have also been known to eat fruit, seeds, insects, and food scraps. They have become extremely dependent on humans for both food and shelter. They nest, roost, and feed in large groups within 1 to 2 miles of each other.
Sparrows can be difficult to control because of their ability to rapidly reproduce. They are extremely aggressive and will often drive out other desirable bird species from the area. When they nest in electrical areas they can cause electrical shorts and fires. When they congregate in poultry and hog farms they cause potential contamination threats. Sparrows have been associated with over 25 diseases and ectoparasites.
Starlings
Starlings are an introduced species that cause problems in both urban and rural areas. Adult starlings are about 8 inches in length and weigh about 2-1/2 to 3-1/2 ounces. They have short tails and long bills. In the winter, starlings have dark bills and iridescent coats speckled with white dots. In the summer, starlings have yellow bills with duller coats that are mostly purple and green in color and are less speckled.
Starlings travel in flocks that can number into the thousands. They nest and feed in a variety of areas. When they nest in urban areas they tend to frequent trees, exhaust vents, marquees, ledges, lighted signs, hollow lampposts, billboards, soffits, and dryer and stove vents. In rural areas they tend to nest in farm building ledges and tree cavities.
Starlings feed on a variety of things depending on what season it is and what food sources are available. They are known to eat seeds, fruit, food scraps, insects, fruit, and vegetables.
Starlings can be problematic because of their intense vocalization, especially when their flocks grow to such large numbers. Their fecal accumulation can also be problematic because of the sheer volume. Starlings are very aggressive and can drive out other bird species. Their feces can deface and deteriorate buildings and other structures; can cause slipping hazards; can contaminate livestock feed; and can kill trees. They leave nesting materials behind that can clog machinery, cause drainage problems, and clutter structures. These blocked vents can also lead to moisture buildup, odor issues, and potential fire risks. They are known to carry serious diseases like histoplasmosis.
Each of these nuisance birds can be hard to control or eliminate once their flock is established. Prevention and elimination is key to helping control these bird populations. Here are some bird prevention and exclusion tips you can use to help control these problematic pests.
- Discourage people from feeding these birds in public areas.
- Clean up any spilled grain or feed daily.
- Make food and water sources as inaccessible as possible.
- Block building openings such as lofts, vents, eaves, window sills, and steeples) with wood, metal, glass, masonry, wire mesh, plastic or nylon.
- Change ledge angles to 45 degrees or more as this discourages roosting.
- Place netting over ornamental architecture.
- Screen the underside of rafters with netting or wire mesh screening.
- Install a permanent mechanical bird repellent like bird spikes to help eliminate roosting.
If you have a nuisance bird problem, contact a professional pest control company who can provide you with a customized inspection and treatment plan for your situation.
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